Elaeocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. - ELAEOCARPACEAE

Vernacular names : Tamil: Malampinnai, Pathrachi, Ruthraksham.  Malayalam: Ammakkaram, Ammakorum, Badraksham, Kodavasi, Kotuvasi, Nacati, Naggara, Pahumban, Pialandi, Pilahi, Rudraksham.  Kannada: Dandale mara, Kadambola, Kunge mara.

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Botanical descriptions Ecology Distribution Literatures

Botanical descriptions :

Habit : Tall trees with plank buttresses, up to 40 m tall.
Trunk & Bark : Bark smooth, mottled with grey and white.
Branches and Branchlets : Branches horizontal; branchlets thick, with scars of fallen leaves, tomentose when young.
Leaves : Leaves simple, alternate, spiral, clustered at twig ends; stipules ovate, slightly incurved, caducous; petiole 1.5-5 cm long, densely rufous tomentose when young, planoconvex in cross section; lamina 9-30.5 x 5-14 cm, broadly obovate, apex rounded to obtuse sometimes retuse, base narrow and obtuse, margin subentire or crenate-serrate, coriaceous, densely rufous tomentose when young, later hairs remains only on midrib and nerves; midrib raised above; secondary_nerves 9-14 pairs, with hairy domatia in axils beneath; tertiary_nerves broadly percurrent.
Inflorescence / Flower : Inflorescence axillary or extra-axillary racemes, rufous tomentose; flowers white with laciniate petals; stamens many, anthers aristate.
Fruit and Seed : Drupe, elliptic-oblong, to 5 x 3 cm; seed 1, compressed deeply tuberculate.

Ecology :

Common emergent and canopy trees in evergreen to semi-evergreen forests usually along stream banks up to 1400 m.

Distribution :

Indomalaysia; in the Western_Ghats- South and Central Sahyadris.

Literatures :

Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. 2: 594. 1832; Gamble, Fl. Madras 1: 124. 1997 (re. ed); Sasidharan, Biodiversity documentation for Kerala- Flowering Plants, part 6: 65. 2004; Saldanha, Fl. Karnataka 1: 214. 1996.

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