Schima wallichii (DC.) Korth. - THEACEAE

Basionym : Gordonia wallichii DC.

Synonym : Schima crenata Korth.
Schima noronhae Blume

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Botanical descriptions Habitat and ecology Distribution

Botanical descriptions :

Diagnostic characters : Evergreen trees, bark blackish, fissured. Leaves simple, alternate, glaucous below, margin entire. Flowers bisexual, axillary, white with numerous stamens. Fruits capsular, seeds with a narrow wing.
Habit : Evergreen tree up to 35 m tall.
Trunk & bark : Bole straight, bark dark grey or almost black, deeply fissured.
Branches and branchlets or twigs : Twigs terete, finely hairy.
Exudates : Exudate absent.
Leaves : Leaves simple, alternate and spiral, broadly ovate to lanceolate, apex acute or acuminate, base acute or rounded, glabrous, margin entire, sometime toothed near tip, often glaucous below.
Stipules absent.
Inflorescences or flowers : Flowers solitary or arranged in a few-flowered inflorescence, axillary, bisexual, pedicels longer than 0.5 cm.
Fruits : Fruit capsule, up to 3 cm in diameter, woody, splitting into 5 sections.
Seeds : Seeds many, kidney-shaped, surrounded by a narrow wing.

Habitat and ecology :

Very common, especially as dominant element in the hill forest.

Distribution :

North East India, Burma (Myanmar), South China, Malay Peninsula, Indonesia (Java, Sumatra, Borneo), Philippines, Thailand, Indochina, Laos (Khammouan).

Remark/notes/uses :
Wood is of good quality but due to irritating fibres not popular with wood workers, excellent firewood. Bark is used as antiseptic for wounds and the sap from the stem for ear infections.

Specimens studied :
BT 5, BT 7, BT 63, BT 206A, BT 442, LAO 1, LAO 78, Lao 258, LAO 1131, LAO 1288 (Herbarium of Faculty of Sciences-NUoL, NHN-Leiden and CIRAD-Montpellier).

Literature :
Gardner S., Sidisunthorn, P. & Anusarnsunthorn, V. 2000. A field guide to Forest Trees of Northern Thailand. Kobfai Publishing Project. Bangkok. Thailand.
Hoang Van Sam, Khamseng Nanthavong & P.J.A. Keßler. 2004. Trees of Laos and Vietnam. Blumea 49: 201--349.

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