Cratoxylum cochinchinense (Lour.) Blume - GUTTIFERAE

Basionym : Hypericum cochinchinense Lour.

Synonym : Cratoxylum polyanthum Korth.
Cratoxylum hypoleucum Elmer.

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Botanical descriptions Habitat and ecology Distribution

Botanical descriptions :

Diagnostic characters : Bole spiny at base, exudates watery, brown-red. Twigs and leaves glabrous. Leaves simple, opposite, glaucous below; secondary veins obtuse, not looped. Flowers pink. Fruit a capsule.
Habit : Deciduous tree up to 12 m tall.
Trunk & bark : Bole straight, bark pale grey, fissured and flaking, young stems usually with spines.
Branches and branchlets or twigs : Twigs terete, glabrous.
Exudates : Exudate watery, brownish-red.
Leaves : Leaves simple, opposite, glabrous, glaucous below, elliptic, apex acute to acuminate, base rounded to acute, margin entire.
Primary veins single, secondary veins obtuse, tertiary veins reticulate.
Stipules absent.
Inflorescences or flowers : Flowers arranged in 3--5-flowered inflorescence, axillary, on leafless twigs, bisexual, pedicels up to 3 mm long.
Fruits : Fruit a capsule, up to 1.2 cm long, covered by persistent sepals, splitting in 3 sections.
Seeds : Seeds many, winged at one end.

Habitat and ecology :

Fairly common in semi-open areas and along forest margins.

Distribution :

Burma (Myanmar), South China (Hainan, Hong Kong), Malay Peninsula, Indochina, Indonesia (Sumatra, Borneo), Thailand and Laos (Khammouan).

Remark/notes/uses :
Bark can be used as brown coloured dye, wood is very hard and durable. The young shoots are edibleand used as a raw vegetable.

Specimens studied :
BT 132, BT 200 (Herbarium of Faculty of Sciences-NUoL, NHN-Leiden and CIRAD-Montpellier).

Literature :
Gardner S., Sidisunthorn P. & Anusarnsunthorn V. 2000. A field guide to Forest Trees of Northern Thailand. Kobfai Publishing Project. Bangkok. Thailand.

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